Reference

Reference includes basic research tools such as almanacs, dictionaries and encyclopedias.

Sub-headings:

Almanacs

Annual publications offering lists, charts, and tables of information on various topics.

Associations & Organizations

Directories of associations and non-profit organizations.

Biographies

Accounts of persons' lives written by another.

Calculation & Conversion Tools

Websites that assist with mathematical calculations, including online calculators and conversion dictionaries and tables.

Calendars

The organization and record of the passing of days or time. Also include are topical and audience-specific calendars, such as religious and cultural calendars.

Census Data & Demographics

Information from official and non-official periodic enumeration of the U.S. and other populations, including related demographic data and reports.

Dictionaries

General works containing alphabetical lists, with information given for each term.

Encyclopedias

Comprehensive, authoritative works containing articles on a wide range of subjects.

Experts & How-To

Ask questions, follow step-by-step instructions, or learn from online tutorials in all kinds of subjects by using these sites.

Genealogy

Information helpful in finding and/or interpreting records of the descent of a person, family, or group from an ancestor or ancestors.

Geography

Information on the earth, its features, the distribution of life, and political boundaries.

German Ready Reference Collection

A collection of ready reference materials in German (with German & English descriptions of the resources).

Grammars

Use this sites to explore foreign language grammar, usage, and vocabulary.

Italian Ready Reference

Quick answers to factual questions using standard sources (dictionaries, almanacs, encyclopedias) in Italian.

News & Current Events

Information about recent events and happenings.

Periodical Directories

Directories to periodicals, serials, journals, magazines, newspapers, newsletters, etc.

Quotations

Resources to help identify quotations or find interesting quotations.

Search Engines

A listing of popular or highly useful search engines or metasearch engines. Search engines are online forms that receive (usually) textual input from users, search one or more indexes of online resources, and return ranked results deemed relevant to the user's input. (Always evaluate a website, or other online resource, to determine how trustworthy and reliable the information is. See Internet Resource Evaluation under Web Searching Guides below to learn how to evaluate the authority of online resources.)

Style and Writing Guides

Resources for proper grammatical usage, citation formats, or paper writing.

Telephone and Address

Directories on the Web listing telephone, fax numbers, street addresses and e-mail addresses for people and businesses.

Thesauruses or Thesauri

Resources that aid in the choosing of a word by listing the synonyms or antonyms for words and/or distinguishing the difference between words that have similar meaning.

Time & Weather

The current time, conversion to different timezones, and weather forecasts.

Trivia

Here are sites to answer "just curious" trivia questions, participate in trivia message boards, or even submit your own questions.

Web Directories

Navigable, indexed lists of web sites arranged by any of a variety of subject classifications.

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